Questions on Pathology of water salt metabolism and acid base balance
Patient K., 52 years old, was hospitalized with complaints of pain in the right hypochondrium, itching, nosebleeds, jaundice. Objectively: the skin is icteric, there are traces of scratching, hemorrhage, a symptom of"vascular asterisks". The abdomen is enlarged in volume, there is a symptom of "Medusa's head" (expansion of collateral veins on the anterior abdominal wall). Percussion-signs of free fluid in the abdominal cavity. The liver is reduced in size, dense to the touch. The spleen is enlarged and dense. In blood tests: anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoproteinemia, dysproteinemia, violation of liver function tests. It is known from the anamnesis that the patient suffered from severe viral hepatitis. What type of edema (etiology) was formed in the patient and what are the mechanisms of its development? Increased pressure in the portal vein can accumulate fluid in the legs (edema) and stomach (ascites). Edema and ascites may also result from the li...